Nisman case: the conclusions of the criminal report

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Nisman case: conclusions of the official criminal report point to suicide

11.06.2015 ­ – ARGENTINE – INFOBAE –

Infobae has accessed the 97-page document that the federal police experts gave to the Fein prosecutor, which determines that Nisman died “standing up and facing the mirror”. The reconstruction showing the shooting with two hands, the thorough study of the blood stains and the absence of traces of a possible murderer’s escape

There is a sequence of photos on page 32 of the report that five criminal experts called in to investigate the death of Alberto Nisman submitted to prosecutor Viviana Fein this week, which Infobae fully endorses. It is a re-creation of the event, what could have happened in the opinion of these experts. In them, a man in front of a mirror takes a gun with both hands and brings it to his head. “Result of this analysis” is the title of the upper text. An in-depth study of the blood stains in Nisman’s bathroom at the Park provided the information for this analysis, which reads as follows: “All of this taken together indicates that the most likely hypothesis is that Dr. Nisman would have been standing next to the bathtub, in front of the vanity, on the carpet,

DyN 162

Later, the report assures that “blood spatters and splashes were observed on both hands of the deceased, the latter consistent with the rear projection generated by a shot fired at close range, indicating the proximity of both hands to the wound” and that the left hand overlapped the right “in support or on the handle”. All of this is key information for the case, something that adds to the medical board’s report and the progressive results of the computer forensics conducted by the Metropolitan Police.

Viviana Fein, like the medical board, asked questions of the experts to contrast the statements in the Arroyo Salgado complaint. Thus, almost five months after the death of the former UFI AMIA prosecutor, data is accumulating in the office of the prosecutor of the case to draw a conclusion. At no point does the text speak of a possible murderer of Alberto Nisman, nor does it find the evidence in the Park’s bathroom to do so. On the contrary, it reinforces – without explicitly saying so – the idea of suicide.

Blood stains in the prosecutor's bathroom

For five days last May and June, the forensic doctor Alfredo Horacio Sapag and the criminal lawyers Nicolás Vega Laiun, Juan Osvaldo Ronelli Edgardo Ríos (all members of the Federal Police) and criminalists Luis Olavarría and Daniel Salcedo – representing the defence of Diego Lagomarsino and the complaint of Sandra Arroyo Salgado respectively – met at the headquarters of the Forensic Science Superintendence on Azopardo Street to analyse the material from the scene of the event in El Parque and the autopsy performed on Nisman. Daniel Salcedo, the expert in Sandra Arroyo Salgado’s complaint, did not sign this report:

he delivered his, 200 pages plus a DVD with a 15-minute animated sequence on the event, in which he ratified the claims of the complaint report from last March. That official experts, for example, suggest that the former UFI AMIA prosecutor died standing in front of the mirror is something totally contrary to what Salcedo has proposed:

 a murdered Nisman kneeling in front of the bathtub. Information also comes from the visual inspection of the Park on 23 April, where they saw the bloodstains directly, which are the basis of the report. The bathroom sink is another point of analysis. The text says that “it is important to point out that the imperfections located at the bottom of the basin indicate that they were thrown from a higher elevation than the vanity, as if the producing source (head injury) would have been located at a height close to tolerance, the said projections would not have been able to adopt a sufficient parabola to land at that depth…

 the drainage of blood from the inner side of the left ankle “starts with static drops over the limb”. The “lake of blood” on the bathroom floor was explained by gravity. The position of the weapon is also explained: “It could be consistent with the weapon falling from the position the victim would have adopted at the time of the shooting or when the body collapsed towards the door.” The drainage of blood on the inner side of the left ankle “begins with drops of static electricity above the limb”. The “lake of blood” on the bathroom floor was explained by gravity. The position of the weapon is also explained: “It could be consistent with the weapon falling from the position the victim would have adopted at the time of the shooting or when the body collapsed towards the door.”

The bath mat – a small white towel – was another point of contention between the complaint and the official experts. According to the complaint, it should have been found curled rather than straight. The drop of blood on it also suggested a kneeling posture for Arroyo Salgado’s experts.

For the official and Lagomarsino’s experts, his position and the spots he presented “are consistent with the victim’s initial position … and with his subsequent plantar thrust towards the toilet room”.

If there was a murderer, he could have left a trail. The official report categorically denies this: “There are no thematic patterns of drag, transfer or footprints that indicate body movement, manipulation of objects/structures or movement of people within the enclosure.” It also disputes the theory of the alleged washed-out bloodstains that Salcedo indicated in the complaint report after applying the Luminol test to the Park. 

The text indicates a negative result after the application of the Blue Star reagent by the federal police. Close to Arroyo Salgado’s complaint, they state that this negative result was due to the fact that successive tests would have washed away the trail.

Thus, the war of crossed theories about Nisman’s death takes another turn. Today, for example, the contents of a document signed by two officers from the Cybercrime area of the Metropolitan Police have emerged regarding what happened at 8.07pm on Sunday 18 January, specifically about the connection of USB sticks and multiple entries to the prosecutor’s Samsung laptop, with the Windows 7 operating system. The file speaks of 26 simultaneous connections between USB sticks, cameras and CD-ROMs, all at the same time, which is strange because Nisman’s computer does not have the number of USB ports to do this. The minutes attributed this to a possible system failure.

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Traces of blood were found in his marital home, revealed by the “Bluestar”.

by NewsPress articles

Nancy: the charred body of a young woman found in the forest

16.07.2014 – EUROPE 1 – FRANCE

Traces of blood revealed by the “Blue-star”, a technique which allows the detection of micro-drops after cleaning.

It could be the body of a 34-year-old nurse, missing since the end of June, whose companion has been charged with voluntary manslaughter.

NEWS. The body of a young woman found burned in a forest near Nancy on Monday could be that of a 34-year-old nurse who has been missing since late June, and whose partner has been charged with voluntary manslaughter, police said Wednesday. “A police source said the body of the young woman, who disappeared during the night of 28-29 June, is believed to be that of a nurse.

The body, which was lying on a cold hearth and showed traces of charring, notably on the cranial region, was discovered by a walker on Monday morning in a forest in Villers-lès-Nancy, according to the Est Républicain. “We have already established that it was a woman. Other clues allow us to establish that a connection with the case of the disappearance is taking place,” continued the same source.

Traces of blood found at the home of the missing nurse. The young woman, a nurse and mother of a young child, had suddenly disappeared, without taking any news of her baby, whom she had entrusted to relatives for the weekend, “which is absolutely not in her habits”, said a source close to the case. Traces of blood were found at her marital home, revealed by the “Blue-star”, a technique that allows the detection of micro-drops after cleaning.

Her 36-year-old companion was charged with voluntary manslaughter and placed in pre-trial detention. He has always denied the charges against him. The investigation into the burnt body has been entrusted to the Nancy SRPJ, which could however be relinquished in favour of the Meurthe-et-Moselle departmental security service, which is in charge of the initial disappearance case.

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Traces of blood were found in his marital home, revealed by the “Bluestar”.

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The judge in the Yexeira case accepts as evidence another piece with blood on it.

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To complete the process of authenticating the evidence, the magistrate noted that the other ICF staff member who received the evidence for analysis would also testify.

Judge Francisco Borelli Irizarry of the Carolina court admitted on Friday the black tarpaulin of Roberto Quiñones Rivera’s van, where the blood stains of his girlfriend Yexeira Torres Pacheco would have appeared, as evidence conditioned by the prosecution.

Borelli Irizarry explained that forensic investigator David Betancourt Quiñones of the Forensic Institute (ICF) had not identified his marks on the object and could not explain why the piece was not complete. He also did not identify any other marks contained on the tarpaulin, which he removed from the vehicle on 16 November 2011.

To complete the process of authenticating the coin, the magistrate said that the other ICF official who had received the coin for analysis still had to testify.

In the continuation of the case against Quiñones Rivera for the death and disappearance of the body of Yexeira, choreographer and dancer of the rapper Miguelito, Betancourt Quiñones explained that he examined the defendant’s white Ford Econoline bus on two occasions to identify the blood hidden in the vehicle.

She also examined a construction level occupied by the police in the bus to try to identify fingerprints.

The first assessment was carried out on 16 November at the ICF in Rio Piedras, at the request of investigating officer Lorimel Aquino Fariña.

He explained, in response to questions from prosecutor Alma Mendez Rios, that he had used the chemical “bluestar” to detect the possible presence of blood on the van.

“Bluestar is an improved formulation of luminol. You can use it over and over again and it doesn’t damage the sample,” said the witness, who testified in the afternoon.

He said that spraying the chemical on the bus “produced a bright luminescence at the back, near the front seats of the bus”. “I took the whole tarpaulin because it was very luminescent and I decided to have it analysed by the laboratory,” he said. He added that he did not want the sample to be diluted or fragmented. He then detected small spots of apparent blood on the inside of the passenger door.

These marks, he said, were on the inside frame of the door, at the back where the door locks, at the base of the rear view mirror and in the middle of the door panel. In his theory of the case on the first day of the trial, prosecutor Mendez Rios said the blood that appeared in the vehicle came from the body of a woman who was the daughter of Victor Torres Santiago and Iris Pacheco Calderon, Yexeira’s parents. He also said that analysis of the blood traces found in the bus will show that Yexeira bled to death on the passenger seat and was then dragged into the back of the van.

False number plate

In the morning, Officer Jose Dennis Rivera of the police stolen vehicle division, who removed the fake tag from the defendant’s van on November 10, 2011, testified.

In the morning, Officer Jose Dennis Rivera of the police stolen vehicle division, who removed the fake tag from the defendant’s van on November 10, 2011, testified. The witness explained that there were inconsistencies between the date on the vehicle’s driving licence and the tag that authorized the vehicle to travel on the country’s roads.

The vehicle registration, which was not stamped, indicated that the licence had expired on 31 October 2011, but the label had an effective date of December 2011. “(The licence) was not stamped like when you buy the sticker,” he said. He also noted that the colour of the label was distorted and had an irregular cut in the circle marking the month of December.

After taking the label, he went to an office of the Ministry of Transport and Public Works, where he was told that the label was fake. Jorge Gordon Menendez attempted to challenge the officer’s work by pointing out that he never asked to see the new vehicle registration and insisting that because of the ease with which the witness removed the tag, it could have been affixed to the vehicle’s window shortly before he took it.

Quiñones Rivera is currently serving a 42-month prison sentence for the false tag and the illegal appropriation of a police bullet-proof waistcoat.

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20 years of forensic bloodstain analysis in Ontario

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While University of Windsor students play with spatter at a forensics conference, provincial police mark the 20th anniversary of bloodstain pattern analysis in Ontario.

 (Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

Windsor Star : 21.03.2014

Danielle Yardeni raises her bloody hammer after smashing it into someone’s head.

“I swing my hand back, and I do it again,” she announces, once more bringing the weapon down on a hapless imaginary victim. 

“I get blood all over the ceiling and maybe the wall.”

A fourth-year student in the University of Windsor’s forensics program
, Yardeni is demonstrating how a violent act could generate a “cast-off” bloodstain pattern — otherwise known as spatter.

It’s the first workshop session of the day at the university’s Trends in Forensic Sciences conference.

Yardeni’s rampage continues. She trades her hammer for a knife, and swishes the blade in a pan full of sheep’s blood.

“Say I stab somebody,” she explains, approaching lab partner Jeremiah Boateng.

“I stab Jeremiah. I take (the knife) out, I walk with it. It will drip as I walk.”

Yardeni demonstrates the movement and the resulting stain patterns — holding off on the stabbing motion, of course.

 (Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

This year is a notable anniversary for bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) in Ontario. According to OPP, there was no training available in Canada for this particular field of forensics until provincial police decided in 1993 to launch a specialized program.

Two decades later, OPP boast that their BPA program is recognized as being on the leading edge of world research in the discipline.

OPP procedures and advancements in this regard have been published in peer-reviewed journals and emulated by outside agencies.

Provincial police currently have six dedicated bloodstain pattern analysts, all of whom are considered experts.

New OPP Commissioner Vince Hawkes previously distinguished himself as the organization’s first bloodstain pattern analyst.

Article content
Hawkes said he believes provincial investment in BPA has paid “huge dividends within the justice system and in our quest for truth.”

Among the major cases in which BPA has played a significant role is Project Octagon — the investigation of the Shedden massacre of 2006
. Eight men — all connected to the Bandidos biker gang — were found shot to death, their bodies left to rot in vehicles in a rural area near London.

BPA was also important in Project Hatfield — the prosecution of former Canadian Forces base commander Col. Russell Williams for multiple sex crimes and the murder of two women. BPA was also crucial in solving the shooting deaths of Tracy Hannah and her 14-year-old daughter Whitney in their Picton-area home in 2010.

(Crédit: Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

“Many times, the bloodstain evidence and testimony have established and supported a first-degree murder conviction,” wrote Staff Sgt. Gord Lefebvre, who manages OPP’s BPA program.

When blood is shed, the resulting stains can generally be classified under three categories: passive, transfer, and projected.

Passive :
Stains occur when blood falls or accumulates due to gravity. This category includes drips, trails, pools, spills, splashes and flows.

Transfer :
stains happen when one bloody surface makes contact with another surface. When there’s motion between the two surfaces, that’s a swipe pattern. When there’s a pre-existing stain and an object moves through it, that’s a wipe pattern. Footprints are also considered transfer stains.

Projected :
stains are the product of dramatic motion. When an object strikes something that’s bloody, it creates an impact pattern. When blood is released from an object due to its rapid movement, it creates a cast-off pattern.

Bloodstain pattern analysis isn’t just about staring at spots on a wall. The practice requires knowledge and skill in math and physics.

As a substance, blood retains certain physical characteristics — such as viscosity and surface tension. Combined with an understanding of directionality and angle of impact, this makes blood patterns predictable and reproducible.

The Ontario Police College’s forensic identification training
includes study of analytical geometry in three dimensions, trigonometry, the laws of motion, the properties of fluids, and work-energy theorem.

 (Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

Trivia for the day: In bloodstain pattern analysis, pig blood is commonly used as a substitute for human blood due to their shared physical characteristics.

 (Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

Blood on a glove and floor stains are revealed with the help of Bluestar in a demonstration at the University of Windsor on March 21, 2014.

Glow-in-the-dark fun

You know how in those CSI television shows, all that’s needed to make every drop of blood in a room glow blue is a flick of a special flashlight?

That’s a bit of an exaggeration, unfortunately. “They’re trying to sensationalize it,” says retired forensic identification officer Wade Knaap — formerly with Toronto police, and now a sessional instructor in the University of Windsor’s forensics program.

“It’s the ‘CSI effect.’ (These shows) have created an expectation of what can and can’t be done at a crime scene.”

Making blood luminous in real forensics work requires application of a detection reagent — a chemical that will react with latent blood.

The current industry standard is a product called Bluestar. It’s packaged in pre-formulated tablets, which investigators mix with distilled water and spray onto suspected surfaces. Based on the chemical Luminol, Bluestar will react with blood whether its fresh, old, pure or diluted. It does not alter the blood’s DNA in any way. The luminescent effect of Bluestar begins to fade about one minute after application.

Despite Knaap’s annoyance at the many myths perpetuated by television, he appreciates the public’s fascination with forensics. “It’s cool stuff,” he admits. “It’s fun. It’s using science to solve crimes.”

(Crédit: Dax Melmer / The Windsor Star)

Forensics student Danielle Yardeni demonstrates bloodstain pattern analysis. Fellow student Jeremiah Boateng looks on. Photographed March 21, 2014 at the University of Windsor.

20 years of forensic bloodstain analysis in Ontario (Audio)

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Chief Warrant Officer Benitez left a bloody trail

by NewsPress articlesReal Cases solved with BLUESTAR® FORENSIC

The clues are accumulating around Chief Warrant Officer Benitez and his involvement in the disappearance of Allison and her mother Marie-Josée on 14 July in Perpignan.

Midi Libre : 27.09.2013

What can you do with eight litres of bleach, if not a major cleaning? In the middle of July, Francisco Benitez obviously had a big cleaning to do, since he bought this large quantity of disinfectant and corrosive product, with properties well known to crime fans, in Perpignan.

 © DR

Bleach degrades DNA and makes it difficult for experts to search for traces of blood that have been erased at the scene of the crime with special products such as Luminol or Bluestar.

Lots of blood

“He had to cut them up. We have the impression that it bled a lot”, explains a Parisian policeman, associated with the investigation led by the SRPJ of Montpellier on the disappearance of Allison and her mother Marie-Josée, on July 14 in Perpignan. Because there is a lot of blood in the elements gathered over the last two months by the investigators. First of all in the clues, taken during the searches in the family flat, as well as in the barracks of the Foreign Legion. “Stains invisible to the naked eye”, revealed at the family home. Allison’s blood, “in the drainpipe” of the family freezer, in “the seal of the window” of the washing machine, but also inside the flat occupied by the legionnaire in the barracks, said a source close to the case. The forensic identification technicians also found some at the foot of his bed in his bedroom: again, it was that of his own daughter.

A witness says

But there is also the blood that several witnesses saw and told the investigators about. Three days after the double disappearance, Francisco Benitez asked one of his comrades to come and help him carry the freezer that he had suddenly decided to donate to the barracks. The man later told the police that he had seen blood in a blocked sink in the Benitez flat.

Missing sheets at the barracks

Dark traces, taken from a tumble dryer used by the soldiers, are still being analysed. The disappearance in July of some thirty bed sheets from the barracks also intrigues the investigators: could they have been used to wrap bodies, or body parts? And then there is this sentence pronounced by the chief warrant officer in front of another soldier, which today takes on a sinister resonance. At the end of July, the latter was surprised to see him hosing down a blood-stained floor mat and sheets in a barracks washing machine. Francisco Benitez replied: “I defrosted some meat. “

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El suboficial mayor Benítez dejó un rastro sangriento

by Artículos de prensaNoticias

Las pistas se acumulan en torno al suboficial mayor Benítez y su implicación en la desaparición de Allison y su madre Marie-Josée el 14 de julio en Perpiñán.

Midi Libre : 27.09.2013

¿Qué se puede hacer con ocho litros de lejía, si no es una limpieza a fondo? A mediados de julio, Francisco Benítez tenía evidentemente que hacer una gran limpieza, ya que compró en Perpiñán esta gran cantidad de producto desinfectante y corrosivo, con propiedades bien conocidas por los aficionados al crimen.

 © DR

La lejía degrada el ADN y dificulta que los expertos encuentren los rastros de sangre que se han borrado en la escena del crimen con productos especiales como Luminol o Bluestar.

Mucha sangre

“Tuvo que cortarlos. Tenemos la impresión de que sangró mucho”, explica un policía parisino, asociado a la investigación dirigida por el SRPJ de Montpellier sobre la desaparición de Allison y su madre Marie-Josée, el 14 de julio en Perpiñán. Porque hay mucha sangre en los elementos recogidos en los últimos dos meses por los investigadores. En primer lugar en las pistas, tomadas durante los registros en el piso de la familia, así como en el cuartel de la Legión Extranjera. “Manchas invisibles a simple vista”, reveladas en la casa de la familia. La sangre de Allison, “en el desagüe” del congelador de la familia, en “la junta de la ventana” de la lavadora, pero también en el interior del piso que ocupaba el legionario en el cuartel, dijo una fuente cercana al caso. Los técnicos de identificación forense también encontraron algo a los pies de su cama en su dormitorio: de nuevo, era de su propia hija.

Un testigo dice

Pero también está la sangre que varios testigos vieron y contaron a los investigadores. Tres días después de la doble desaparición, Francisco Benítez pidió a uno de sus compañeros que viniera a ayudarle a llevar el congelador que, de repente, había decidido donar al cuartel. El hombre dijo después a la policía que había visto sangre en un fregadero obstruido en el piso de Benítez.

Faltan sábanas en el cuartel

Todavía se están analizando los rastros oscuros, tomados de una secadora utilizada por los soldados. La desaparición en julio de una treintena de sábanas del cuartel también intriga a los investigadores: ¿podrían haber sido utilizadas para envolver cuerpos, o partes de cuerpos? Y luego está esta frase pronunciada por el suboficial mayor frente a otro soldado, que hoy adquiere una resonancia siniestra. A finales de julio, este último se sorprendió al verle lavando con una manguera una alfombra y unas sábanas manchadas de sangre en una lavadora del cuartel. Francisco Benítez respondió: “He descongelado algo de carne.

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L’adjudant-chef Benitez a laissé un sillage sanglant

by ActualitésArticles de presseBLUESTAR® FORENSIC : Cas réels

Les indices s’accumulent autour de l’adjudant-chef Benitez et de son implication dans la disparition d’Allison et de sa mère Marie-Josée, le 14 juillet à Perpignan.

Midi Libre : 27.09.2013

Que peut-on faire avec huit litres d’eau de Javel, sinon un très grand nettoyage ? A la mi-juillet dernier, Francisco Benitez avait visiblement un gros ménage à faire, puisqu’il a acheté à Perpignan cette importante quantité de produit désinfectant et corrosif, aux propriétés bien connues des amateurs d’affaires criminelles.

 © DR

L’eau de Javel permet de dégrader l’ADN, et complique considérablement cette recherche des traces de sang effacées que les experts mènent sur les lieux du crime avec des produits spéciaux, le Luminol ou le Bluestar.

Beaucoup de sang

« Il a dû les découper. On a l’impression que ça a saigné beaucoup », explique un policier parisien, associé à l’enquête menée par le SRPJ de Montpellier sur la disparition d’Allison et de sa mère Marie-Josée, le 14 juillet à Perpignan. Car du sang, il y en a beaucoup, dans les éléments rassemblés depuis deux mois par les enquêteurs. Tout d’abord dans les indices, prélevés au cours des perquisitions dans l’appartement familial, comme à la caserne de la Légion étrangère. « Des taches invisibles à l’œil nu », révélées au domicile familial. Du sang d’Allison, « dans le conduit d’évacuation » du congélateur familial, dans « le joint du hublot » du lave-linge, mais aussi à l’intérieur du logement qu’occupait le légionnaire à la caserne, indique une source proche du dossier. Les techniciens de l’identité judiciaire en ont aussi trouvé au pied de son lit, dans sa chambre à coucher : là encore, il s’agit de celui de sa propre fille.

Un témoin raconte

Mais il y a aussi ce sang qu’ont vu plusieurs témoins, et dont ils ont parlé aux enquêteurs. Trois jours après la double disparition, Francisco Benitez demande à l’un de ses camarades de venir l’aider à transporter ce congélateur qu’il a soudain décidé de donner à la caserne. L’homme racontera ensuite aux policiers avoir vu du sang dans un lavabo bouché de l’appartement des Benitez.

Disparition de draps à la caserne

Des traces sombres, prélevées dans un sèche-linge utilisé par les militaires, sont toujours en cours d’analyse. La disparition courant juillet d’une trentaine de draps de lit à la caserne intrigue aussi les enquêteurs : ont-ils pu servir d’emballage pour des corps, ou des morceaux de corps ? Et puis il y cette phrase prononcée par l’adjudant-chef devant un autre militaire, et qui prend aujourd’hui une sinistre résonnance. Ce dernier, fin juillet, s’étonnait de le voir nettoyer au jet d’eau un tapis de sol et des draps tâchés de sang, dans une machine à laver de la caserne . Réponse de Francisco Benitez : « J’ai décongelé de la viande. »

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The Flactif case: An investigation solved with Bluestar

by NewsPress articlesReal Cases solved with BLUESTAR® FORENSIC

At a crime scene, he makes the bloodstains talk

“When I entered the Flactif house, I immediately noticed the traces of sponge strokes in the small living room and suspected that the chalet had been cleaned thoroughly. “Warrant Officer Philippe Esperança, 39 years old, will never forget this 18 April 2003.

 A French specialist in the morpho-analysis of bloodstains, he had to wait his turn to go through the house with a fine-tooth comb: “We only intervene when all the other findings are complete. “

The Bluestar, world star

The result was worth it. “Like at every crime scene, I sprayed our usual product, Bluestar. Its great quality is that it leaves the DNA prints intact,” explains Philippe Esperança. Another advantage is that it allows us to work in semi-darkness, whereas previously we had to work in total darkness. In three days in the chalet, the analysis of the few visible traces of blood and the use of this chemical revealed five bleeding sites – as many as there were victims – and one storage site. “The hypothesis of a quintuple murder on the spot was emerging. “From that moment on, my gendarme colleagues stopped looking for the Flactif family elsewhere than in Grand-Bornand. “

DNA analyses showed that among the bloodstains, some of them tiny, there were those of the five members of the Flactif family. But also traces left by employees or visitors to the chalet in recent years. Plus two unknown DNAs. One was David Hotyat’s.

Since helping to solve the Grand-Bornand mystery, Philippe Esperança has lectured around the world and worked with the Americans at the FBI. Trained as an entomologist (study of insects), he was a naturalist at the Jardin des plantes before becoming a gendarme. After three years of training in Canada, he created the blood trace morpho-analysis service at the IRCGN (1) in Rosny-sous-Bois in 1999. And as the previous chemical products did not suit him, he developed Bluestar himself. “This product went around the world in one year. It is so powerful that DNA has been identified on machine-washed clothes and in a high-pressure kitchen. “The oldest blood trace found in France in a criminal case was 17 years ago.

About 100 cases per year

Philippe Esperança can give you a lecture on the difference between the shape of degraded blood traces (when a hand has moved them from one place to another); passive blood traces, due to gravity, and projected blood traces, when a force – that of the aggressor – is added to gravity. “As the blood sprays quite far, these analyses can allow us to calculate the trajectory of the blow, the position of the victim or the aggressor, the nature of the weapon used, the distinction between a blow and a shock, etc. “During a suicide in a cornfield near Toulouse, specialists had found drops of blood carried by insects.

The week we met him, Philippe Esparança had three crime reconstructions on his agenda, including one in Guadeloupe, and two testimonies in a criminal court. “Our colleagues in the gendarmerie, and even the investigating judges directly, call us on about a hundred cases a year. “But the gendarmes are not there “only” to serve the prosecution. Warrant Officer Esperança remembers concluding that a drunkard had died in an accident after falling on a bottle of champagne. In March 2005, before the Nantes assizes, his expertise also contributed to the acquittal of Joaquim, a young man accused of the murder of a friend. “For us, it was a suicide. “

Michel TANNEAU.

(1) Criminal Research Institute of the Gendarmerie Nationale.

Jealousy – RTL – 16/09/2003

The scenario of what happened on April 11 at the Flactif’s chalet is being confirmed, written by the investigators according to the confessions of suspect n°1, dissatisfied tenant, shuffled from one flat to another by his landlord. Well decided, his scenario in place, David Hotyat enters alone in the chalet between 18h30 and 21h in the kitchen where Xavier Flactif and two of his children are. He fired his 6.35 revolver. The mother hears the shots and is shot as she goes up the stairs. He shot the last child upstairs in his room, he would have told during his hearing, it is there that the investigators find the most clues: blood, pieces of teeth, and a shell of the revolver. It is on this order of the victims that David Hotyat contradicts himself, suggesting that there are still grey areas. He explained that he then burned the bodies of Xavier Flactif, his wife and their children in a forest in the region, after having loaded them into a vehicle and driven 10 km away. He then returned to Grand Bornand, seemingly out of the blue, making up a story to explain their disappearance.

How David Hotyat was identified

The Gendarmerie’s criminal research institute was dealing with traces of blood in the empty Flactif chalet, traces of blood that had been washed away. In spite of everything, the scientists of the gendarmerie first managed to identify the origin of this blood, it belonged to the five members of the Flactif family, and then very thorough analyses made it possible to establish that the blood of several of the members of the family was mixed with another blood, another genetic trace, it is this genetic trace, this DNA belongs to David Hotyat.

It is because this DNA was found mixed with the blood of several of the victims that the gendarmes, before the arrest, were already convinced that the owner of this genetic trace was the murderer. It was thanks to this DNA that the gendarmes were able to trace the case. Since May, the gendarmes have taken DNA samples from 130 people, business relations, craftsmen and people close to Flactif. This is how the investigators were able to target the main suspect.

France Info – 17/09/03

David Hotyat was confirmed by DNA samples taken from nearly 130 people who had relations with Xavier Flactif and his family, or who lived in the region. David Hotyat’s genetic fingerprint matched the mysterious sixth DNA found in the chalet alongside the fingerprints of the five family members. The property developer, his wife, Graziella Ortolano, and their three children were last seen on 11 April in the late afternoon. Investigations found multiple traces of blood belonging to the family members, a shell casing and splinters of teeth in their cottage. Blood also belonging to the missing persons was found in Xavier Flactif’s vehicle, abandoned near Geneva-Cointrin airport on the Swiss side on 13 May.

According to Alexandra Lefèvre, Hotyat told her that he had first shot two children, alone at the chalet, then their mother, the last child and finally the father. As he was cleaning up the traces of blood, with a flashlight in his mouth, Hotyat, overcome with nausea, was disturbed by the call of a tenant of Flactif and then the arrival of a pizza delivery man…

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Photographer Exposes Crime Scenes, With a Dash of Chemistry

by NewsPress articles

The view is often unremarkable: A gray, cinder-block apartment building with a bright red awning, perhaps, or a single-level suburban home in yellow brick with a double garage.

Wired : 15.12.2010

Photographer Angela Strassheim has visited dozens of such addresses, knocking at the door and talking her way inside. The people she encounters often have no idea what’s gone on there before she comes around.

Fascinated by crime scenes since childhood, and a former forensic crime lab technician, Strassheim uses techniques usually reserved for police forensics to unveil the hidden residues of violent murder.

“As a child, when I would pass by a house where a violent and newsworthy death had recently occurred, I would stand there, close my eyes and try to imagine what took place,” writes Strassheim in her artist statement. Evidence is the latest of her many well-received portfolios dealing with family, mortality and latent menace. Strassheim was recently awarded the Women in Photography Lightside Individual Project Grant for her work.

To make her images, Strassheim closes doors and curtains to reduce light in the rooms and then shoots long exposures of between 10 minutes and an hour. Using color film is a necessity, because the short-lived illumination of blood residues can only be captured on ISO 800 film. The images are then converted to black-and-white in digital post-production.

“All around me I observe a glowing trail of bloodshed as swaths and constellations of light, helping me put together the pieces of a violent puzzle,” writes Strassheim.

The bright spots in Strassheim’s images are temporary chemiluminescence reactions between the chemical reagent BlueStar and the heme molecule of blood still present on the walls. Applied as a fine mist, BlueStar reveals blood patterns on surfaces even after blood has been wiped away. Under ordinary lighting conditions, BlueStar reactions are invisible to the naked eye.

Throughout the project, Calvin Jackson, CEO and owner of BlueStar, along with other CSI specialists offered guidance and advice. Feedback has been positive. "I have had a lot of support on this project," said Strassheim by email.

At more than 140 crimes scenes, Strassheim has negotiated access with new inhabitants of homes, motels and apartments – many of them unaware of the violent histories. Some crimes were as little as two months prior to her visit, and in other cases the crime occurred as far back as 18 years ago. Strassheim’s color exterior shots mimic “boring real-estate photography” and carry deadpan titles informing us of the weapons used in each crime. “Costco kitchen knives,” “Pitchfork” and “12-gauge shotgun” spur the imagination. Is the glowing splatter really all blood? Graham Jackson, visiting professor of forensic science at the University of Abertay in Dundee, Scotland, isn’t so sure.

“One problem,” he says, “may be the time delay between the crime and Angela taking the photographs. What we are seeing in the photographs may not be patterns that were left at the time of the crime. I’m not convinced that all the apparent fluorescence is due to blood-staining. In fact, some of the fluorescence looks like extraneous light, and some of the fluorescent patterns are particularly weird if they are indeed blood.”

It turns out that BlueStar reacts with peroxidase activity, which is not exclusive to blood. It’s exhibited by other materials, such as bleach and, according to Jackson, horseradish sauce.

On the chemistry of Blue Star, Strassheim clarifies that the glow from these other materials fades more quickly than that from DNA, so she waits for their interfering luminance to die out before she starts her exposure.

“Other substrates that react with Blue Star are metals such as light switches, vents, radiators,” says Strassheim by email, “however, when there is blood DNA left on a radiator – as seen in Evidence #1 for example – you can differentiate between the radiator and the DNA that glows brighter.”

Due to the passage of time and the photographer’s unrepeated inspection, Evidence knowingly combines fact with interpretation. They are not presented as official images.

“These photographs are about seeking out the truth,” says Strassheim. “However, I am not giving the stories to complete the process of fully imagining the event, so this body of work does play on the imagination.”

All photos: Angela Strassheim (See her website: click here!)

Read the original article :

Photographer Exposes Crime Scenes, With a Dash of Chemistry (Audio)

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